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Aggelos Kapellos
Lysias 21
Trends in Classics –
Supplementary Volumes
Edited by
Franco Montanari and Antonios Rengakos
Scientific Committee
Alberto Bernabé · Margarethe Billerbeck
Claude Calame · Philip R. Hardie · Stephen J. Harrison
Stephen Hinds · Richard Hunter · Christina Kraus
Giuseppe Mastromarco · Gregory Nagy
Theodore D. Papanghelis · Giusto Picone
Kurt Raaflaub · Bernhard Zimmermann
Volume 28
Aggelos Kapellos
Lysias 21
A Commentary
DE GRUYTER
ISBN 978-3-11-035433-1
e-ISBN (PDF) 978-3-11-036226-8
e-ISBN (EPUB) 978-3-11-039111-4
ISSN 1868-4785
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detailed bibliographic data are available on the Internet at http://dnb.dnb.de.
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Preface
The speech of Lysias numbered 21 and having the title
‘On
a charge of taking
bribes’ has not been the subject of thorough research by modern scholarship. Al-
though citations from the speech which focus on Attic oratory are not lacking in
papers and books, there is no exclusive study of or commentary on this speech.
However, the speech, which was delivered after the restoration of democracy
in 402 B.C., provides us with important information about the military engage-
ment of the Athenians at Aegospotami, the role of Alcibiades in the political
life of Athens, the relationship between the demos and the aristocrats, Athenian
institutions (e. g. taxation, liturgies and conscription), religious beliefs, moral
values and the political behaviour of the Athenians as an ideal and reality in
public and private life. Moreover, this text helps us in our understanding of
the development of Attic oratory. Last, Lysias’ speech is very important for our
understanding of the legal and rhetorical treatment of the accusations of embez-
zlement of public money and bribery.
The present commentary is an attempt to address these problems.¹ In my
analysis I put much emphasis on the structure, strategy and argumentation of
the speech. Moreover, I am especially interested in tensions between the actual
practices of the anonymous client of the logographer and civic ideals invoked in
the present case. For this reason I draw not only on prose but also on poetry in
some cases and eschew artificial distinctions between
‘literature’
and
‘history’.
Instead, I use every piece of information in the Introduction and the Commenta-
ry that contributes to an understanding of the speech. Last, I often attempt to
interpret the text as
‘a
devil’s advocate’,² i. e. I try to define the weak points of
the speech in order to achieve a better understanding of the facts of the case.
My initiation into this way of reading of rhetorical texts started in London,
when I was a postgraduate student of Professor Christopher Carey. At this
point I wish to thank my tutor, because he allowed me to use his edition of
the text of Lysias, which he accomplished with a great deal of effort, love and
wisdom.
This commentary has been slightly revised and modified from the thesis that
I submitted for the degree of Ph.D. at the University of Ioannina in 2009. In the
preface of my thesis I acknowledged debts to a variety of people. Here I repeat
these debts. First and foremost to my supervisor, who takes pride of place in
For the necessity but also the difficulty of writing a commentary which puts emphasis on
these subjects cf. Todd,
Use and Abuse,
170,172– 75.
Carey,
Lysias,
ix.

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