Ubuntu Server Guide.pdf

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Ubuntu Server Guide
Ubuntu Server Guide
Copyright © 2018 Contributors to the document
Abstract
Welcome to the
Ubuntu Server Guide!
It contains information on how to install and configure various server applications
on your Ubuntu system to fit your needs. It is a step-by-step, task-oriented guide for configuring and customizing your
system.
Credits and License
This document is maintained by the Ubuntu documentation team (https://wiki.ubuntu.com/DocumentationTeam). A list of contributors is below.
This document is made available under the Creative Commons ShareAlike 3.0 License (CC-BY-SA).
You are free to modify, extend, and improve the Ubuntu documentation source code under the terms of this license. All derivative works must be
released under this license.
This documentation is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AS DESCRIBED IN THE DISCLAIMER.
A copy of the license is available here:
Creative Commons ShareAlike License
1
.
Contributors to this document are:
• Members of the
Ubuntu Documentation Project
2
• Members of the
Ubuntu Server Team
3
• Contributors to the
Community Help Wiki
4
• Other contributors can be found in the revision history of the
serverguide
5
and
ubuntu-docs
6
bzr branches available on Launchpad.
1
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/
2
https://launchpad.net/~ubuntu-core-doc
3
https://launchpad.net/~ubuntu-server
4
https://help.ubuntu.com/community/
5
https://bazaar.launchpad.net/~ubuntu-core-doc/serverguide/trunk/changes
6
https://bazaar.launchpad.net/~ubuntu-core-doc/ubuntu-docs/trunk/changes
Table of Contents
1. Introduction ........................................................................................................................................ 1
1. Support ...................................................................................................................................... 2
2. Installation .......................................................................................................................................... 3
1. Preparing to Install ..................................................................................................................... 4
2. Installing using the live server installer ........................................................................................ 6
3. Installation using debian-installer ................................................................................................ 8
4. Upgrading ................................................................................................................................. 11
5. Advanced Installation ................................................................................................................ 12
6. Kernel Crash Dump .................................................................................................................. 21
3. Package Management ........................................................................................................................ 27
1. Introduction .............................................................................................................................. 28
2. dpkg ......................................................................................................................................... 29
3. Apt ........................................................................................................................................... 30
4. Aptitude ................................................................................................................................... 32
5. Automatic Updates ................................................................................................................... 34
6. Configuration ............................................................................................................................ 36
7. References ................................................................................................................................ 38
4. Networking ....................................................................................................................................... 39
1. Network Configuration .............................................................................................................. 40
2. TCP/IP ..................................................................................................................................... 48
3. Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) .......................................................................... 52
4. Time Synchronization ............................................................................................................... 55
5. Data Plane Development Kit ..................................................................................................... 60
5. DM-Multipath ...................................................................................................................................
1. Device Mapper Multipathing .....................................................................................................
2. Multipath Devices .....................................................................................................................
3. Setting up DM-Multipath Overview ...........................................................................................
75
76
79
82
4. The DM-Multipath Configuration File ....................................................................................... 86
5. DM-Multipath Administration and Troubleshooting .................................................................... 98
6. Remote Administration .................................................................................................................... 103
1. OpenSSH Server ..................................................................................................................... 104
2. Puppet .................................................................................................................................... 107
3. Zentyal ................................................................................................................................... 110
7. Network Authentication ................................................................................................................... 114
1. OpenLDAP Server .................................................................................................................. 115
2. Samba and LDAP ................................................................................................................... 140
3. Kerberos ................................................................................................................................. 146
4. Kerberos and LDAP ................................................................................................................ 154
5. SSSD and Active Directory ..................................................................................................... 161
8. Domain Name Service (DNS) ......................................................................................................... 166
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Ubuntu Server Guide
1. Installation .............................................................................................................................. 167
2. Configuration .......................................................................................................................... 168
3. Troubleshooting ...................................................................................................................... 174
4. References .............................................................................................................................. 178
9. Security .......................................................................................................................................... 179
1. User Management ...................................................................................................................
2. Console Security .....................................................................................................................
3. Firewall ..................................................................................................................................
4. AppArmor ..............................................................................................................................
5. Certificates .............................................................................................................................
6. eCryptfs ..................................................................................................................................
10. Monitoring ....................................................................................................................................
1. Overview ................................................................................................................................
2. Nagios ....................................................................................................................................
3. Munin .....................................................................................................................................
11. Web Servers .................................................................................................................................
1. HTTPD - Apache2 Web Server ...............................................................................................
2. PHP - Scripting Language .......................................................................................................
3. Squid - Proxy Server ..............................................................................................................
4. Ruby on Rails .........................................................................................................................
5. Apache Tomcat .......................................................................................................................
12. Databases ......................................................................................................................................
1. MySQL ..................................................................................................................................
2. PostgreSQL ............................................................................................................................
180
186
187
194
198
203
205
206
207
211
213
214
221
223
226
228
232
233
237
13. LAMP Applications ...................................................................................................................... 240
1. Overview ................................................................................................................................ 241
2. Moin Moin ............................................................................................................................. 242
3. phpMyAdmin .......................................................................................................................... 244
4. WordPress .............................................................................................................................. 246
14. File Servers ................................................................................................................................... 248
1.
2.
3.
4.
FTP Server .............................................................................................................................
Network File System (NFS) ....................................................................................................
iSCSI Initiator ........................................................................................................................
CUPS - Print Server ...............................................................................................................
249
253
255
258
15. Email Services .............................................................................................................................. 261
1. Postfix .................................................................................................................................... 262
2. Exim4 ..................................................................................................................................... 270
3. Dovecot Server ....................................................................................................................... 273
4. Mailman ................................................................................................................................. 275
5. Mail Filtering .......................................................................................................................... 281
16. Chat Applications .......................................................................................................................... 288
1. Overview ................................................................................................................................ 289
iv
Ubuntu Server Guide
2. IRC Server ............................................................................................................................. 290
3. Jabber Instant Messaging Server .............................................................................................. 292
17. Version Control System ................................................................................................................ 294
1. Bazaar .................................................................................................................................... 295
2. Git .......................................................................................................................................... 296
3. Subversion ..............................................................................................................................
4. References ..............................................................................................................................
18. Samba ...........................................................................................................................................
1. Introduction ............................................................................................................................
2. File Server ..............................................................................................................................
3. Print Server ............................................................................................................................
4. Securing File and Print Server .................................................................................................
5. As a Domain Controller ..........................................................................................................
6. Active Directory Integration ....................................................................................................
19. Backups ........................................................................................................................................
1. Shell Scripts ...........................................................................................................................
2. Archive Rotation .....................................................................................................................
3. Bacula ....................................................................................................................................
20. Virtualization ................................................................................................................................
1. libvirt .....................................................................................................................................
2.
3.
4.
5.
Qemu .....................................................................................................................................
Cloud images and uvtool .........................................................................................................
Ubuntu Cloud .........................................................................................................................
LXD .......................................................................................................................................
299
304
305
306
307
310
312
317
321
323
324
328
331
336
337
344
346
350
351
6. LXC ....................................................................................................................................... 362
21. Clustering ..................................................................................................................................... 377
1. DRBD .................................................................................................................................... 378
22. VPN ............................................................................................................................................. 381
1. OpenVPN ............................................................................................................................... 382
23. Other Useful Applications ............................................................................................................. 396
1. pam_motd ...............................................................................................................................
2. etckeeper ................................................................................................................................
3. Byobu .....................................................................................................................................
A. Appendix .......................................................................................................................................
397
399
401
403
1. Reporting Bugs in Ubuntu Server Edition ................................................................................ 404
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