The religion.pdf

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T
HE
R
ELIGIOUS
C
EREMONIES
AND
C
USTOMS OF THE
P
ARSEES
B
Y
J
IVANJI
J
AMSHEDJI
M
ODI
,
B.A., PH.D., C.I.E.,
FELLOW OF THE UNIVERSITY OF BOMBAY (1887), DIPL.
LITTERIS ET ARTIBUS (SWEDEN, 1889), SHUMS-UL-ULMA
(INDIA, 1893), OFFICIER D’ACADÉMIE (FRANCE, 1898),
OFFICIÉR DE L’INSTRUCTION PUBLIQUE (FRANCE, 1902),
CAMPBELL MEDALLIST, B. B. R. ASIATIC SOCIETY (1918).
───────────
2
nd Edition.
───────────
1937.
───────────
J
EHANGIR
B. K
ARANI
’
S
S
ONS
B
OOK
-
SELLERS
& P
UBLISHERS
“B
EHRANJI
M
ANSION
”
S
IR
P
HEEROZSHAW
M
EHTA
R
OAD
, F
ORT
, B
OMBAY
.
Edited by Joseph H. Peterson, 2011, avesta.org, Kasson, MN.
Last updated June 9, 2021: Corrected typos, redid artwork, and
filled in missing Gujarati, Sanskrit, Persian, Pahlavi, and Arabic
passages in appropriate fonts; photo of mah-rui also added.
For search-ability, spelling of Zoroastrian technical terms has been
altered to conform with F.M. Kotwal and J. Boyd,
A Guide to the
Zoroastrian Religion,
Scholars Press, 1982.
Library of Congress
Catatoging in Publication Data
Modi, Jivanji Jamshedji, Sir,
1854-1933.
The religious ceremonies
and customs of the Parsees.
Includes bibliographical
references.
1. Parsees. 2. Zoroastrianism. 3. Zoroastrians – Rites and
ceremonies. 4. Iran-- Religion. 5. India – Religion. I. Title.
BL1570.M57 2011
ISBN 13: 978-1-xxxxx-xxx-x
TO
THE TRUSTEES — PAST AND PRESENT
OF
THE FUNDS AND PROPERTIES OF THE
PARSEE PANCHÂYET
Whom — and through them the Parsee Community —
I have tried to serve, to the best of my poor abilities,
For a long period of nearly 30 years,
As a Souvenir
Of my long connection with their Board as their Secretary,
And as a Token of Gratitude
For all that they have been pleased to do
to help me in my Duties and to encourage me in my Studies.
JIVANJI JAMSHEDJI MODI.
FOREWORD
Dr. Modi’s monumental text has been so valuable to me over the
years, that I decided to undertake the job of making an electronic edi-
tion, if only for my own use. Especially wanting in the original edition
is consistent spelling of the technical terms. I have also incorporated
Modi’s
corrigenda,
expanded citations when I could find them, and
fixed many problems with misplaced footnotes. A table of abbrevi-
ations has also been added.
Unfortunately I have undoubtedly introduced my own set of er-
rors; I can only apologize in advance and hope readers will point them
out so I can fix them.
J. Peterson, October 2011
i

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