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THE TELEGRAPH
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American
© 2020 Scientific
MISINFORMATION
MACHINE LEA
C E L E B R AT I N G
YEARS
SEpTEmbER 2020
V O L UM E 3 2 3 , NU MB ER 3
24
175 Years
of Discovery
H I S TO RY O F S C I E N C E
26 The Language of Science
How the words this magazine uses have
evolved over time.
By Moritz Stefaner,
Lorraine Daston and Jen Christiansen
36 Reckoning with Our Mistakes
Some of the cringiest articles in the
magazine’s history reveal bigger
questions about scientific authority.
By Jen Schwartz and Dan Schlenoff
T E C H N O LO G Y
42 The Information Manipulators
By moving matter and energy, innovators
have democratized information.
By Naomi Oreskes and Erik M. Conway
49
Subway to Nowhere
Scientific American’
s editor secretly
built New York City’s first underground
train—powered by air—only to have it
crushed by political opposition.
By Katherine Harmon Courage
MEDICINE
50 Return of the Germs
For more than a century drugs and
vaccines made astounding progress
against infectious diseases. Now our
best defenses may be social changes.
By Maryn McKenna
ON THE C OVE R
E VO L U T I O N
From the telegraph to COVID-19,
a chronological selection of
inven­ ions,­discoveries,­scientific­
t
breakthroughs and historical
events that have helped deter-
mine the course of the past
175  years,­for­this­magazine­and­
the world at large.
57
Science vs. the Supernatural
SCIENTIFIC AMERICAN,
VOLUME 1, NUMBER 1; THURSDAY, AUGUST 28, 1845
66 The Origin of Us
Fossils and DNA have revealed
the complexity of human evolution.
Darwin would be delighted.
By Kate Wong
This magazine launched a contest
to prove, or disprove, the existence
of ghosts.
By Katherine Harmon Courage
A S T R O N O MY
58 Our Place in the Universe
How astronomers revealed a much
bigger and stranger cosmos than
anyone suspected.
By Martin Rees
73
Nuclear Reaction
How an article about the H-bomb
landed this magazine in the middle
of the Red Scare.
By Alfred W. McCoy
65
The Symmetry Pair
G E O LO G Y
In the 1960s Martin Gardner helped
to turn the artist M. C. Escher into
a sensation.
By Stephen Ornes
74 The Worst Times on Earth
Mass extinctions send us a warning
about the future of life on this planet.
By Peter Brannen
September 2020, ScientificAmerican.com
1
© 2020 Scientific American

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