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Collective Wisdom
Principles and Mechanisms
James Madison wrote, “Had every Athenian citizen been a Socrates, every
Athenian assembly would still have been a mob.” The contributors to
this volume discuss and for the most part challenge this claim by con-
sidering conditions under which many minds can be wiser than one.
With backgrounds in economics, cognitive science, political science, law,
and history, the authors consider information markets, the Internet, jury
debates, democratic deliberation, and the use of diversity as mechanisms
for improving collective decisions. At the same time, they consider voter
irrationality and paradoxes of aggregation as possibly undermining the
wisdom of crowds. Implicitly or explicitly, the volume also offers guid-
ance and warnings to institutional designers.
´
H´ l` ne Landemore is a graduate of the Ecole Normale Sup´ rieure in Paris,
ee
e
Sciences Po Paris, and Harvard University (PhD 2008). After holding post-
doctoral positions at the Coll` ge de France in Paris, Brown University, and
e
MIT, she is now an assistant professor of political science at Yale Univer-
sity. She is the author of
Hume: probabilit´ et choix raisonnable
and
e
Democratic Reason: Politics, Collective Intelligence, and the Rule of the
Many.
Her work has appeared in the
Journal of Moral Philosophy, Raison
Publique, Synthese, Journal of Public Deliberation, Critical Review,
and
Political Psychology.
Jon Elster is Robert K. Merton Professor of Political Science at Columbia
University. He was previously a professor at the University of Chicago.
From 2005 to 2011, he held the Chaire de Rationalit´ et Sciences Sociales
e
at the Coll` ge de France in Paris. He is a member of the American Academy
e
of Arts and Sciences, Academia Europaea, and the Norwegian Academy
of Science and is a Corresponding Fellow of the British Academy. He
holds honorary doctorates from the universities of Valencia, Stockholm,
Trondheim, Bogota, Torcuata di Tella, and Louvain-la-Neuve. Elster is
´
the author of twenty-three monographs, which have been translated into
eighteen languages. The most recent of these include
L’Irrationalit´
;
Alexis
e
de Tocqueville: The First Social Scientist; Le D´ sint´ ressement; Explaining
e
e
Social Behavior; Agir contre soi; Closing the Books;
and
Alchemies of the
Mind.
Collective Wisdom
Principles and Mechanisms
Edited by
´ `
HELENE LANDEMORE
Yale University
JON ELSTER
Columbia University and (Emeritus) Coll` ge de France
e

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