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Engine Mechanical Part 2
Engine Mechanical 2
Course code: EN03
Student training manual
Suzuki Online Training
Foreword
The lubrication system forces oil to high friction points in the
engine to protect moving parts from friction, wear and damage.
It is one of the most important engine systems affecting engine
service life. In this training manual, we will study the
fundamentals of engine lubrication, the functions of the basic
lubrication components and basic maintenance procedures.
Suzuki Technician curriculum
This training manual is part of the
Non Suzuki Technician to
Suzuki Technician curriculum.
The curriculum consists of the
following modules:
1. GE01 Suzuki Introduction
2. GE02 Electrical / Electronics
3. GE03 Diagnostics
4. EN02 Engine Mechanical part I
5. EN03 Engine Mechanical part II
6. EN04 Engine Mechanical part III
7. EN05 Engine Auxiliary systems
8. DS01 Driveshaft/Axle
9. DS02 Driveshaft/Axle - transfer case
10. BR02 Brake control systems
11. TR02 Manual transmission / transaxle
12. CS02 Control system / body electrical
13. CS03 Communication / bus systems
You are currently studying EN03 Engine mechanical part 2.
This module consists of the following courses:
•
Engine Fundamentals-Lubrication
•
J24B Engine-service procedures
Smart manuals
Some sections of this training manual contain videos with
detailed information on the topics you are studying. If you are
studying this training manual on a PC, look out for the “green
play video” symbol on any photo or picture in this manual,
click on the green button to watch a video providing you with
detailed information on that topic.
Note: Internet connection
required.
This document is intended solely for training purposes only.
All vehicle repairs and adjustments must be carried out
according to the procedures stipulated in current service
manuals and technical bulletins.
EN03 Engine mechanical 2 I Lubrication
2
Learning outcomes
At the end of this lesson, you will be able to:
•
Describe the functions of engine oil
•
Describe the function of the lubrication system in an
internal combustion engine.
•
Describe the main causes of oil deterioration.
•
Describe the function of the oil pump.
•
Describe the function of the oil filer.
•
Describe the function of the oil cooler
•
Describe basic maintenance procedures for the oil pump.
•
Describe the causes of increased oil consumption.
Lesson 1: Engine
lubrication
fundamentals
EN03 Engine mechanical 2 I Lubrication
3
1.1 Engine oil
Engine oils are employed primarily to lubricate contiguous
components in relative motion within the internal combustion
engine. The oil also removes heat generated by friction, carries
abraded particles away from the friction surface, washes out
contaminants, holds them in suspension, and protects metals
against corrosion. The most common engine oils are mineral
oils treated with additives. Higher stress resistance
requirements combined with extended oil-change intervals
have led to widespread application of fully and semi-synthetic
oils.
The quality of an engine oil is determined by its origin, the
refining processes used on the mineral oil (except in the case
of synthetic oils) and the additive composition.
Additives are classified according to their respective functions:
•
Viscosity index improvers
•
Pour-point improvers
•
Oxidation and corrosion inhibitors
•
Detergent and dispersant additives
•
Extreme-pressure (EP) additives
•
Friction modifiers
•
Anti-forming agents.
1.1.1 SAE viscosity grades
The SAE grades are the internationally accepted standard for
defining viscosity. The standard provides no information on
the quality of the oil.
A distinction is made between single grade and multi-grade
oils. Multi-grade oils are the type in widespread use today.
Two series are employed for the designation where the letter
“W” (winter) is used to define specific cold-flow properties.
The viscosity grades including the letter “W” are rated
according to maximum viscosity , maximum viscosity pumping
temperature and the minimum viscosity at 100ºC. Viscosity
grades without the “W” are rated only according to viscosity
at 100ºC.
Figure 1: 15W-40 engine oil
EN03 Engine mechanical 2 I Lubrication
4
1.1.2 Multi-grade oils
Multi-grade oils are characterized by a less pronounced
proportional relationship between viscosity and temperature.
They reduce friction and wear, can be used all year round, and
provide rapid lubrication for all engine components in cold
starts.
1.1.5 Engine oil API grades
An API rating is a set of letters printed on the oil bottle to
denote how well the oil will perform under operating
conditions. This is a performance standard set by the
American Petroleum Institute, an association of oil-related
companies that sets industry standards. Below is a list of
current API oil ratings:
for petrol engines
SN
SM
SL
SJ
See complete list of API ratings
For diesel engines
CJ-4
CI-4
CH-4
1.1.3 High-lubricity oils
High lubricity oils are lubricating oils with multi-grade
properties, low cold viscosity and special anti-friction additives.
Extremely low engine friction under all operating conditions
reduces fuel consumption.
1.1.4. Engine oil viscosity chart
The service manual will give the service rating recommended
for a specific vehicle. Always use the recommended oil
grade.
EN03 Engine mechanical 2 I Lubrication
5

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