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Differential forms of experiential anger and emotion regulation associated with borderline and antisocial personality features within a correctional sample
Poster
· November 2017
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Patrick Timothy McGonigal
University of Nebraska at Lincoln
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University of Massachusetts Amherst
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Differential forms of experiential anger and emotion regulation associated with borderline and antisocial
personality features within a correctional sample
Patrick T. McGonigal, B.A., Katherine L. Dixon-Gordon, Ph.D., Samantha L. Bernecker, Ph.D., Michael J. Constantino, Ph.D.
Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, University of Massachusetts Amherst
Introduction
§
Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD) and Antisocial Personality Disorder
(ASPD) are distinct in diagnostic criteria but have considerable overlap.
§
BPD and ASPD frequently co-occur, especially in correctional samples
(Becker, 2000; Black, 2010).
Little is known about the shared vs. unique emotional
characteristics of these two disorders.
§
Both BPD and ASPD are marked by emotional dysfunction. In particular,
both disorders are characterized by emotion dysregulation. Further,
problematic anger (e.g., irritability, aggression) characterize both disorders.
Yet diverse forms of anger and related emotions may be differentially
experienced across these disorders.
§
Although BPD and ASPD are common forms of psychopathology within
forensic settings
(Black et al., 2007; Black, 2010; Fazel & Danesh, 2002),
scant research
investigates differentiating factors within this context.
th
95
Results
§
Inmates scored above the
percentile for ASPD and BPD features
compared to community samples.
§
Results revealed that BPD features were significantly associated with
anger temperament, trait anger, inward expressed anger, and overall anger
index after controlling for ASPD.
§
After controlling for BPD, ASPD features were not significantly associated
with anger variables.
§
BPD features were independently associated across forms of emotion
dysregulation including non-acceptance of emotions, difficulties with
impulse control, lack of regulation strategies, and overall emotion
dysregulation
§
ASPD features were associated with difficulties engaging in goal directed
behavior.
§
There were no interaction effects between ASPD and BPD features.
Figure 2.
Associations between BPD/ASPD features and emotion
dysregulation
BPD
Features
-.19
-.07
.07
ASPD
Features
.55**
.48***
-.08
.27
.24
* p≤.05
**p≤.01
***p≤.001
.55*
.56**
.16
.23
.54**
-.04
Non-
acceptance
Impulse
control
difficulty
Lack of
clarity
Overall
emotion
dysregulation
Non-goal
directed
behavior
Lack of
strategies
Lack of
awareness
Table 1.
Regression analyses for BPD features and emotion
dysregulation
Current Study:
The aim of the present study was to identify the unique associations of BPD
features, ASPD features, and their interaction on expressed and controlled
anger, and emotion regulation difficulties in a correctional sample.
Figure 1.
Associations between BPD/ASPD features and anger
BPD
Features
.24
Method
Participants:
§
30 inmates receiving a 12-week group anger management intervention
§
Mean age = 30 (SD = 8.11)
§
60% non-white
§
70% high school education
Procedures:
§
At baseline, this study assessed participants’:
§
State-Trait Anger Expression Inventory (STAXI)
§42
item measure assessing dimensions of anger
§Subscales:
anger temperament, trait anger, inward/outward
expressed anger, inward/outward controlled anger, anger index
§
Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale (DERS)
§36
item measure assessing emotion regulation abilities
§Subscales:
non-acceptance of emotions, difficulties with impulse
control, lack of emotional clarity, difficulty engaging in goal directed
behavior, lack of regulation strategies, lack of emotional awareness,
total emotion dysregulation
§
Personality Assessment Inventory (PAI)
§48
item measure assessing BPD and ASPD features
* p≤.05
**p≤.01
***p≤.001
ASPD
Features
-.32
-.36
.41
.16
.10
-.06
.24
.12
.50*
-.08
.52**
.40*
.43*
.01
-.37
Table 1.
Regression analyses for ASPD features and emotion
dysregulation
Outward
controlled
anger
Anger
reactivity
Inward
expressed
anger
Inward
controlled
anger
Anger
temper-
ament
Overall
anger index
Trait anger
Outward
expressed
anger
Table 1.
Regression analyses for BPD features and anger
Discussion
§
Anger is a diagnostic feature of both ASPD and BPD but may be a more
unique component of BPD than of ASPD. Associations with ASPD may be
due to the shared association with BPD features.
Table 2.
Regression analyses for ASPD features and anger
§
Clinicians working with inmates with BPD may consider prioritizing treating
anger and emotion dysregulation.
§
Clinicians working with inmates with predominate ASPD may consider
promoting prosocial behaviors.
§
The results of this study are limited by low sample size and lack of
interview assessment of ASPD and BPD diagnoses.
§
Future research should investigate how anger and emotion dysregulation
relate to dimensional models of personal pathology.
For further information please contact Patrick McGonigal at ptmcgonigal@gmail.com
Analytic Plan
§
Series of stepwise linear regressions were conducted between BPD,
ASPD, and BPD x ASPD in the prediction of anger and emotion
dysregulation.
§
Regression analyses on associations between BPD features and
dependent variables controlled for ASPD features and vice versa.
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