FreeBSD-FAQ.pdf

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Frequently Asked Questions for
FreeBSD 6.
X
and 7.
X
The FreeBSD Documentation Project
Frequently Asked Questions for FreeBSD 6.
X
and 7.
X
by The FreeBSD Documentation Project
Published $FreeBSD: doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/faq/book.sgml,v 1.1112 2009/04/03 17:35:31 blackend Exp $
Copyright © 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008, 2009 The
FreeBSD Documentation Project
This is the FAQ for FreeBSD versions 6.
X
and 7.
X
. All entries are assumed to be relevant to FreeBSD 6.
X
and later,
unless otherwise noted. If you are interested in helping with this project, send email to the FreeBSD documentation
project mailing list (http://lists.FreeBSD.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-doc). The latest version of this document is
always available from the FreeBSD World Wide Web server
(http://www.FreeBSD.org/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/faq/index.html). It may also be downloaded as one large
HTML (book.html) file with HTTP or as plain text, PostScript®, PDF, etc. from the FreeBSD FTP server
(ftp://ftp.FreeBSD.org/pub/FreeBSD/doc/). You may also want to Search the FAQ
(http://www.FreeBSD.org/search/index.html).
Redistribution and use in source (SGML DocBook) and ’compiled’ forms (SGML, HTML, PDF, PostScript, RTF and so forth) with or without
modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are met:
1. Redistributions of source code (SGML DocBook) must retain the above copyright notice, this list of conditions
and the following disclaimer as the first lines of this file unmodified.
2. Redistributions in compiled form (transformed to other DTDs, converted to PDF, PostScript, RTF and other
formats) must reproduce the above copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
Important:
THIS DOCUMENTATION IS PROVIDED BY THE FREEBSD DOCUMENTATION PROJECT "AS IS"
AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED
WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN
NO EVENT SHALL THE FREEBSD DOCUMENTATION PROJECT BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT,
INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED
TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR
BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN
CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY
WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS DOCUMENTATION, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH
DAMAGE.
FreeBSD is a registered trademark of the FreeBSD Foundation.
3Com and HomeConnect are registered trademarks of 3Com Corporation.
Adobe, Acrobat, Acrobat Reader, and PostScript are either registered trademarks or trademarks of Adobe Systems Incorporated in the United
States and/or other countries.
Sound Blaster is a trademark of Creative Technology Ltd. in the United States and/or other countries.
CVSup is a registered trademark of John D. Polstra.
IBM, AIX, EtherJet, Netfinity, OS/2, PowerPC, PS/2, S/390, and ThinkPad are trademarks of International Business Machines Corporation in the
United States, other countries, or both.
IEEE, POSIX, and 802 are registered trademarks of Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. in the United States.
Intel, Celeron, EtherExpress, i386, i486, Itanium, Pentium, and Xeon are trademarks or registered trademarks of Intel Corporation or its
subsidiaries in the United States and other countries.
Iomega, Zip, and Jaz are either registered trademarks or trademarks of Iomega Corporation in the United States and/or other countries.
Linux is a registered trademark of Linus Torvalds.
Microsoft, IntelliMouse, MS-DOS, Outlook, Windows, Windows Media and Windows NT are either registered trademarks or trademarks of
Microsoft Corporation in the United States and/or other countries.
MIPS and R4000 are registered trademarks of MIPS Technologies, Inc. in the United States and other countries.
Netscape and the Netscape Navigator are registered trademarks of Netscape Communications Corporation in the U.S. and other countries.
Motif, OSF/1, and UNIX are registered trademarks and IT DialTone and The Open Group are trademarks of The Open Group in the United States
and other countries.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation.
Silicon Graphics, SGI, and OpenGL are registered trademarks of Silicon Graphics, Inc., in the United States and/or other countries worldwide.
Sparc, Sparc64, SPARCEngine, and UltraSPARC are trademarks of SPARC International, Inc in the United States and other countries. Products
bearing SPARC trademarks are based upon architecture developed by Sun Microsystems, Inc.
Sun, Sun Microsystems, Java, Java Virtual Machine, JavaServer Pages, JDK, JRE, JSP, JVM, Netra, Solaris, StarOffice, Sun Blade, Sun
Enterprise, Sun Fire, SunOS, and Ultra are trademarks or registered trademarks of Sun Microsystems, Inc. in the United States and other countries.
U.S. Robotics and Sportster are registered trademarks of U.S. Robotics Corporation.
XFree86 is a trademark of The XFree86 Project, Inc.
Many of the designations used by manufacturers and sellers to distinguish their products are claimed as trademarks. Where those designations
appear in this document, and the FreeBSD Project was aware of the trademark claim, the designations have been followed by the “™” or the “®”
symbol.
Table of Contents
1 Introduction................................................................................................................................................................1
2 Documentation and Support.....................................................................................................................................6
3 Installation ................................................................................................................................................................10
4 Hardware Compatibility .........................................................................................................................................18
4.1 General ..........................................................................................................................................................18
4.2 Memory .........................................................................................................................................................18
4.3 Architectures and Processors ........................................................................................................................19
4.4 Hard Drives, Tape Drives, and CD and DVD Drives ....................................................................................19
4.5 Keyboards and Mice......................................................................................................................................21
4.6 Networking and Serial Devices .....................................................................................................................23
4.7 Sound Devices...............................................................................................................................................24
4.8 Other Hardware .............................................................................................................................................25
5 Troubleshooting........................................................................................................................................................26
6 Commercial Applications ........................................................................................................................................38
7 User Applications .....................................................................................................................................................40
8 Kernel Configuration...............................................................................................................................................44
9 Disks, File Systems, and Boot Loaders ..................................................................................................................46
10 System Administration ..........................................................................................................................................57
11 The X Window System and Virtual Consoles......................................................................................................65
12 Networking .............................................................................................................................................................73
13 Security ...................................................................................................................................................................79
14 PPP ..........................................................................................................................................................................82
15 Serial Communications .........................................................................................................................................94
16 Miscellaneous Questions........................................................................................................................................98
17 The FreeBSD Funnies..........................................................................................................................................102
18 Advanced Topics ..................................................................................................................................................105
19 Acknowledgments ................................................................................................................................................111
Bibliography ..............................................................................................................................................................112
iv
List of Tables
3-1. Maximum File Sizes..............................................................................................................................................16
12-1. Network Cards Based on the DEC PCI Chipset..................................................................................................75
v

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