activate-use-xdebug.pdf

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Activate and Use Xdebug

Xdebug

is a powerful open source debugger and profiler for PHP. It is included with XAMPP and can be used

to display stack traces, analyze code coverage and profile your PHP code.

To activate Xdebug, follow these steps:

1. Edit the

php.ini

file in the

php\

subdirectory of your XAMPP installation directory (usually,

C:\xampp).

Within

this file, find the [XDebug] section and within it, add the following configuration directive (or modify the

existing one):

zend_extension = "C:/xampp/php/ext/php_xdebug.dll"

2. Restart the Apache server using the XAMPP control panel.

Xdebug should now be active. To verify this, browse to the URL

http://localhost/xampp/phpinfo.php,

which

displays the output of the

phpinfo()

command. Look through the script and verify that the Xdebug extension is

now active.

Xdebug overloads the default

var_dump()

function with its own version that includes (among other things) color

coding for different PHP types, so you can see it in action immediately by using the

var_dump()

function in a

PHP script. For example, create a simple PHP script in the

htdocs\

subdirectory of your XAMPP installation

directory with the following content:

<?php

var_dump($_SERVER);

When you view your script through a browser, here’s an example of what you might see:

One of Xdebug’s most powerful features is its ability to profile a PHP script and produce detailed statistics on

how long each function call or line of code takes to execute. This can be very useful for performance analysis

of complex scripts. To turn on script profiling, follow these steps:

1. Edit the

php.ini

file in the

php\

subdirectory of your XAMPP installation directory. Within this file, find the

[XDebug] section and within it, uncomment and modify the lines below so that they look like this:

xdebug.profiler_append = 0

xdebug.profiler_enable = 1

xdebug.profiler_enable_trigger = 0

xdebug.profiler_output_dir = "C:/xampp/tmp"

xdebug.profiler_output_name = "cachegrind.out.%t-%s"

2. Restart the Apache server using the XAMPP control panel.

At this point, Xdebug profiling is active. Every PHP script that you run will be profiled and the results will be

placed in the

C:\xampp\tmp

as a so-called cachegrind file. You can view this cachegrind file with a tool like

WinCacheGrind,

which you must download and install separately.

To illustrate how this works, consider the screenshot below, which shows the profiled output of a script using

WinCacheGrind. As the screenshot illustrates, it’s easy to see the entire life cycle of a PHP script, including the

call sequence and the amount of time taken by each function, and thereby find targets for further optimization.

TIP

To find out more about Xdebug’s powerful features,

read the Xdebug documentation.

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