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Studies
in
Jungian Psychology
by
Jungian Annlyrlr
|
|
f
i:
The
Parental Image
lD,,u
{TALIMAGE
th: lltr
of
each
individual
has
ever
been
the
basis
upon
which
w€
divd6p
inlt
tionships
with
other people,
with
a
vocation,
and
with
tho
phyllOfl fnrl
spiritual realms
of
life.
This
image
derives
its
deep
rosontnoi ffem
I
connection back
through
personal experience
to
the
collectlvc
lfyr:
of
Some
things
never change;
and
the
effect of
the parental
imrge
In
the psyche
and
the
history
of
human experience.
This book
explores the
various
stages
of
maturation
and tho
ohrllmSer
faced
by
each
person
who
seeks
authentic
independenco.
Adulthaod
lr
hard
won,
the
work
of
heroes.
Dr.
Harding
describes
in
depth tho
trtk
of
each
level
of
development
as
we venture into
the
world
and
uetto
r
llft
Using
the
ancient Babylonian creation
legend (the
Enuma
Ellsh)
to
lllu*
trate
her
overview
of
the
process,
and demonstrating
this
proorff
whh
modern
case
material, the author
makes
it
clear that
this struggb
hfr rl-
ways
been
both
necessary
and
liberating.
Inner
City
is
pleased
to offer
a
new
edition of
this much-lovsd
elmrle
ofJungian
psychology.
M.
Esther
llarding,
M.D.,
trained
at
the
London
School
of
Modlolne ftrr
Women
and
the
University of
London, England.
She began
worklng wlth
C.G.
Jung
in
1922, and soon
after
became
the
first
Jungian
analyrt
ltl
practice
in America.
She
was
a
founding member
of
both
the
Analyll€tl
Psychology
Club
of New
York
and
the C.G.
Jung Foundation
of
Now
York,
and a
patron of
the Jung
Institute
inZurich.
Among
her
othor
well=
known
works
are
The
lf/ay of
All
Women, Woman's
Mysteries,
Thl
I
ald
the
NohI,
and
Psychic
Energy.
She
died
in
1971.
I,
Irls
Iifflfr
M.D.
Daryl
Sharp, B.Sc.,
B.J.,
M.A.,
is
a Jungian analyst
and
General
Editoi of
Inner
Citv
Books.
and
the
Publl:her
il!erl
t
yl
Sharp
t
THE PARENTAL
IMAGE
Marie-Louise von
Franz,
Honorary
Patron
Studies
in Jungian
Psychology
by
Jungian Analysts
Its
Injury
and Reconstruction
A
Study
in
Analytical Psycholog/
Daryl
Sharp, General
Editor
M.
ESTHER
HARDING.
M.D.
Edited
by
Daryl
Sharp
CONTENTS
Acknowledgments
6
National
Librsry ofCanad.
Crtaloguing in
Publication
Harding,
M.
Esther
(Mary
Esther),
1888-1971
The pafental image: its
injury
and
rcconstruction:
a
study
in
analytical
psycholog/
/
M.
Esther
Harding; edited by
Daryl
Sharp.-3rd
ed.
(Studies in
Jungian
psychology by
Jungian
analysts;
106)
lncludes bibliographical
references and
index.
Publisher's
Note
6
Foreword by
Franz
Riklin,
M.D.
7
Introduction
9
1
The Parental
Image As Sourc€ and
Container
of
Life
I
I
2
3
4
5
6
7
The Babylonian
Legend
ofthe
B€ginnings ofConsciousness
The
Fate
ofthe
Maternal
Chaos and
Her
Son-Husband
55
The Development
ofConsciousness
80
Pathological
lnjury
to the
Parental
Image
89
Healing
the
Injured
Parental
Image
99
The
Return
ISBN
l-894574-07-9
Parental
influences.
2.
Parent and
child.
L
Sharp,
Daryl,
1936-
IL
Title.
lll.
Series.
l.
BF723 P25H3
2003
155.9',24
C2003-900481-3
Copyright
@
2003
by The C.G.
Jung
Foundation for
Analyical
Psychology, lnc.
New York,
NY
10016.
All
rights
Home
I
19
reserv€d.
INNER
CITY
BOOKS
Box
1271,
Station
Q,
Toronto,
ON M4T
2P4, Canada
Telephone (416) 927-0355
/
FAX
(416) 924-1814
Web site: www.innercitybooks.net /
E-mail:
info@inn€rcitybooks.net
Honorary Patron: Marie-Louis€ von
Franz.
Publisher
and General
Editor: Daryl
Sharp.
Senior Editor:
Victoria
Cowan.
8
Reconstruction and
Individuation
129
152
Bibliography
Index
155
See
Jinal
page
for
descriptions of
other
Inner City
Books
INNER
CITY
BOOKS
was
founded
in
1980
to promote
the
understanding
and
practical application
ofthe work
of C.G.
Jung.
Cover; Threshold Gargoyle
and
Child (18"
x
30").
Publish€r's collection.
Printed
and
bound in
Canada
by
University ofToronto
Press
Incorporated
Acknowledgments
To
the
following
institutions, publishers
and
individuals,
I
make
grateful
ac-
knowledgment for material
quoted in
these pages.
To
the
Bollingen
Foundation,
for
quotations
from
The
Collected
llorks
of
C.G.
Jung,
and
from works by Erich
Neumann.
To the
British
Museum,
for
permission
to
use
the lengthy extracts
fiom
the
Babylonian Creation
Legend,
as
translated
by
Sidney
Smith;
and
to
the
Mac-
millan
Company for
the
material from
the
tmnslations by
Stephen Langdon.
To
Pantheon
Books,
for
quotations from
C.G.
Itrng's
Memorie'
DreQms,
Re-
flections;
to
E.J.
Brill,
Ltd., for
passages
quoted
ftom
The
Gospel
According
to
Thomas;
and
to
the
Abingdon
Press,
for
passages
from
The
Gospel
ofTruth.
To
those people
who
have
so
kindly
given me permission to
use
unconscious
material,
and
particularly
those whose
analytic drawings
are among
the illustra-
tions
in
this volume, my
thanks and appreciation.
I
also
wish to thank
Vemon
Brooks
for
his
eflicient
help in
preparing the manuscript
for publication.
The material in this book
was
originally
used
for
a
series
of
lectures
spon-
sored
by
the
Analytical
Psychology
Club of New
York
City,
and a later
series
sponsored
by
the Educational Center
of
St.
Louis, Missouri.
Some
of
the
mate-
rial
also
appeared
in the
1949 issue
of Spring
the
annual
publication
of
the
Foreword
Analytical
Psychology Club.
M.
Esther
Herdins
Publisher's
Note
The
first
edition
of
The
Parental Image
was
published
in
1965
by
the
C.G.
Jung
Foundation
for Analytical
Psychology,
New
York.
A
second
edition
was pub-
lished
in
1993
by Sigo
Press,
Boston.
This
third
edition
has been
completely retyped
and
re-edited
from
the Sigo
edition,
with
the
addition
of
some
up-dated references.
lnner
City
Books
is
grateful to the
Trustees
ofthe
C.G.
Jung
Foundation
for
Analytical
Psychology, heir to
Dr. Harding's
literary works,
for
this opportunity
to
present
to
a
wider public
one
of
her most valuable
contributions to the
field
of
Jungian
psychology.
Daryl
Sharp
Throughout the
history
of
mankind the "parental image"
has been
of
great
im-
portance.
It
is
timely
that
this
vital
topic
should
be
examined
from
the
point
of
view
of
analytical
psychology
as
found in
the experience
and
writings
of
C.G.
Jung.
As early as
1907,
with
his
word
association
experiment,
Jung was able
to
show evidence
ofthe
fact
that the
parental
image
has
a
determining influence
on
the
following
generations.
Not only
is
it
true,
as
can be
generally obseNed, that
the
son
of
a
king
becomes
a
king,
and a
shoemaker's
son
a
shoemaker,
but
psy-
chological factors
may also recur.
This
same
phenomenon
in
natural
science came
to
be understood
as
the
ge-
netically conditioned
inheritance
which
most plants, animals and humans
fol-
low.
When
this
concept
of
heredity was applied
to
the psychic realm, psychic
disturbances were, and
still
ar€,
treated
in
such a
way
as
to
help people
to
re-
adjust
to outer
reality
only.
The assumption
has been
that defects must
be
carried
from
generation
to
generation and treatment
given
only
to alleviate
some
ofthe
suffering of
the
individual.
However, in biology
we
became aware
of
the
possibility
of
mutation
occur-
ring
either
spontaneously or
through the influence
ofthe
environment.
At
about
the
same
time
modem psychology discovered
that
changes
could occur in
the
human
personality. Hysteria
as
well
as
neuroses
could
be cured.
Even
psychosis
is
no longer looked
on
as
being an incurable
hereditary
illness.
ln
biology
we
know
that we
can
only
comprehend the nature
and
goal
of
a
mutation
by
looking far
back
into
the realm
of
monocellular
structures.
Simi-
larly, in
psychology we
know
from the
unusual
work of
C.G.
Jung
that
in
deal-
ing
with
psychically
disturbed
people
we must also consider the most mysteri-
ous
material-dreams, folklore,
legends,
fairy
tales,
mythology
and
so
on-in
order
to
become
aware
of
and able
to
support the indicated
change.
All
of
this
mysterious
material
arises
out
of
the unknown
psyche,
which we term
the
"unconscious."
It
expresses and
gives to
us,
in
our own time
and
conditioned
as
we
are
by
our
historical period, not
only
an image
of how
it
has
happened
in i//o
temporc,
but also the image
of
what
still
takes
place
in
every
individual
under
the
specific conditions
ofone's
personal development.
We
mostly
meet
this
condition in
people where
the
actual
common
myth
has
broken down.
This
may
be
a
traditional myth of religion,
or
perhaps one
of
our
time,
as
for
instance, the
myth
of
materialism,
efficiency
and
prosperity, or
even
the
myth of
welfare.
It
has been
kept
alive throughout
many generations and
has
had
life
for
the
parents,
but
now
is
no longer
really vital
to the
individual. This
produces
a
conflict
situation,
and
an
hysteria, neurosis or psychosis
may
appear.
The mutation
or
change
required
in
the personality
can take
place
if, follow-
ing Freud's famous
statement
that
dreams
arc lhe
viq regiq
lo
the
unconscious,
we take the
risk
and
dive into
the
depths
where
those
mutations
are
occurring.
Then one
can understand
the
inadequacies
of
the ego
in relation to
the
deepest
realities.
These
realities
lead us
to the
world
of myth which tells
about the events
in
the
"divine"
or
archetypal realm
and
gives the
individual,
as
well
as
the
ana-
lyst, not
only
insights into this
realm
but
also
hints concerning
the
problems
with
which
they must deal.
At
the
same
time we must
be aware
that
our
therapeutic
approach,
as
well
as
our understanding,
is
conditioned by
those
fundamental
experiences
ofthe
con-
cepts and
myth
of
our
personal and
collectiv€
mode
of
apprehension.
And
we
must
realize
that,
as
the
author
expresses
it, "the archetypal
images
ofthe
culture
we
have been
born into,
and
the symbols
of
religion
of
our
fathers,
function
in
exactly
the
same
way."
Dr. M.
Esther
Harding,
in
writing
this
book,
has
undertaken
a
very
laxge
task.
By
her
psychological
interpretation
of
the Enumq
Elish,
a
Babylonian myth
of
creation.
she demonstrates
the
difficulties
as
humankind
has
lived
them.
These
difficulties
have been
produced by the unconscious
and
have
been repeated
in
the
ritual
to
allow
mankind to
experience again and again the
pain
and
the
joy
of
creation,
not
only of
the universe
but
of
humanity itself.
It
is
a
story
of
what
happened
in
illo
tempore,
when
man was
still
allowed to participate in
the
world
ofthe
gods.
Psychologically
it
says,
at
least
in
part, that
this
is
what
happened
to
mankind
and
what
still
may be significant
in
an
individual's
unconscious.
A
careful observation
and deep understanding
ofthese
events is
a
religious experi-
ence
to
those
willing
to live it. By
this
a
re-creation may occur, not
only
within
the subject
but
also
in his
or her
sunoundings.
In
addition, this book also
presents
carefully
selected
case
material concem-
ing
the
problem
ofthe
injured parental image, its transformation
and
its
restora-
tion to
an
appropriate place in
the
inner
life
ofthe
individual.
I think
that
for
the very problematic times
in
which we
liv€,
we
are
fortunate
to have
Dr.
Harding's work
as a
help to the many people
seeking a
way
out
of
such
Dainful
difficulties.
Franz
Riklin
Zurich,
October 26th,
1964
Introduction
In writing
about
material
in
any
field of
knowledge, the
writer
always
has
to
face the
question
ofwhether
to begin
at
the
beginning
and
explain everything,
as
one
would to
someone
who knows nothing
of
the subject,
or whether,
if
one
wants
to explore
the
more
advanced
areas
ofthe
subject,
it
is
permissible to
take
it
for
granted that the reader is
familiar with
the ABCS
ofthe
matter. In this book
I
take the latter
course,
which
means
that
readers
may
have
to
consult
other
works for
the
terminology
and
theory
ofanalytical
psychology.'
More
than
once
I
have been
told
that
Jungian analysts are
always talking
about
archetypes and
other
incomprehensible abstractions, instead
of
getting
down
to
the real problems the therapist should be
tackling-the
problems,
for
instance,
ofneurosis
and
delinquency,
ofhuman
suffering
ard conflict,
that con-
front
us
every
day.
Of
course,
in
dealing
with
a
troubled person
who
has neu-
rotic
symptoms
or
is
in
some
emotional
or moral
dilemma-anyone
who
con-
sults a
psychotherapist-the
Jungian analyst
does
not
plunge
right in
and
talk
about
the
shadow or
the anima, let
alone
the
archetypes
ofthe
collective
uncon-
scious,
any
more than
the
physician
enters
into
a
discussion
ofmetabolism
with
every sufferer
of
indigestion.
Actually, in
my own analytic
practice
I
use
technical terms
very
little,
and
hardly
at
all with
beginners.
At
the
beginning
one is concemed
wilh
the
difficul-
ties the disturbed
person
brings,
and so starts
by
trying to
unravel
the
inter-
weaving
threads
that
have
contributed
to
the
snarl
in
his or her
life. In
some
cases
this
procedure is
sufficient to
release
the person
from
the
impasse,
espe-
cially
if
he
or
she is
young;
one goes
away
with
new insights and
can
thereby
tackle
life
more
intelligently.
But
with
many people, especially
those
who
have already
lived
a consider-
able
part
of their
liyes,
this
is
not
enough.
Eventually
the analyst
is
obliged to
consult the
analysand's unconscious
for
further enlightenment, Many
people
today,
because
they
already
know
something about the
importance
ofthe
uncon-
scious psyche,
bring to
their first
consultation
a
significant
dream
or
vision
they
feel
bears on
their problem. But
ev€n so
it
may
be
that
an
exploration
ofthe
per-
sonal
unconscious
is enough.
During
this
paxt
of
the
work,
one
is
obliged
to confront
one's
shadow-that
such
works
are
now
available, e.g., those
by
Jolande Jacobi,
Daryl
Sharp
and
Anthony
Stevens, and others
by Harding herself, listed
here in the
Bibliography.
Ed.]
I
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