Level 1 Lesson 4 - I'm sorry + Excuse me (zapis ze strony).pdf

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After studying with this lesson, you will be able to say “I am sorry” or “I apologize” in Korean. You
will also be able to get someone’s attention when you want to say something to them or order
something in a restaurant.
죄송합니다.
Do you remember how to say “Thank you” in Korean? It is
감사합니다.
[gam-sa-ham-ni-da] If
you also remember that
감사합니다
is basically
감사
(“appreciation” or “thankfulness”) plus
합니다
(“I do”), you can assume that
죄송합니다
[joe-song-ham-ni-da] is also
죄송
plus
합니
다.
죄송
[joe-song] means “apology”, “being sorry”, or “feeling ashamed”, and
합니다
[ham-ni-
da] means “I do”. Therefore,
죄송합니다
[joe-song-ham-ni-da] means “I am sorry” or “I
apologize.”
Q: Why is “
합니다
” not pronounced as [hap-ni-da] but instead as [ham-ni-da]?
A: In Korean, when you say something like “
합
”, you do not pronounce the final letter
independently, but rather as a part of the entire syllable. Therefore, instead of pronouncing
합
as “ha” plus “p”, you press your lips together after
합
without aspirating the “p” sound,
which is also known as a “bilabial stop” (try saying the English word “stop” with a puff of air
at the end [aspirated], then say “stop” again with your lips pressed together and no puff of
air). Since the syllable which follows
합
is
니,
there is no vowel in between
ㅂ
and
ㄴ
in order
to create the aspirated “p” sound. This creates an easier transition between
합
and
니,
and
when spoken quickly,
ㅂ
softens to an
ㅁ
[m] sound.
“I am sorry.” is NOT always
죄송합니다.
Even though
죄송합니다
[joe-song-ham-ni-da] is BASICALLY “I am sorry”, you cannot use
죄송합니다
when you want to say “I am sorry to hear that.” Often at times, native Korean
speakers are confused when delivering bad news to English-speaking friends and hear the
phrase “I am sorry” as a response. If you say “I am sorry” after you hear some bad news from
our Korean friend, he or she might say “Why are YOU apologizing for that?” to you. This is
because
죄송합니다
ONLY means “I apologize”, “It was my bad”, “Excuse me” or “I should
not have done that.” It can never mean “I am sorry to hear that.”
Using
죄송합니다
as “excuse me” in Korean is typically heard when passing through a crowd
of people or when bumping into someone. It is NOT used the same way as the English phrase
“excuse me”, especially when it comes to trying to get the attention of a waiter or a stranger.
When you want to get someone’s attention in Korean, you absolutely need to use
저기요
[jeo-
gi-yo].
저기요.
저기
[jeo-gi] literally means “over there”, so “
저기요
” means “Hey, you! Over there! Look at
me!” but in a more polite way. You can say “
저기요
” when someone is not looking at you but
you need their attention. It is exactly the same as “Excuse me” except “
저기요
” does not mean
“I am sorry.”
In English, you can use the expression “Excuse me” in all of the following situations:
1) when passing through a crowd of people;
2) when leaving the room for a second;
3) when you want to get someone’s attention and talk to them or let them know something;
4) when you want to call the waiter in a restaurant or a cafe to order something.
저기요
[jeo-gi-yo] is an expression which CAN be translated as “excuse me”, but only in
numbers 3 and 4 listed above.
Including
죄송합니다,
there are a few more expressions you can use when passing through a
crowd of people:
1.
잠시만요.
[jam-si-man-nyo] (literal meaning: “Just a second”)
2.
죄송합니다.
[joe-song-ham-ni-da] (literal meaning: “I am sorry”)
3.
잠깐만요.
[jam-kkan-man-nyo] (literal meaning: “Just a second”)
(Yes, “
잠시만요
” and “
잠깐만요
” are the same thing.)
These are the most commonly used expressions. You do not have to memorize them right now,
but they are good to know!

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