New Scientist USA Vol.250 Ř3340 2021(1).pdf

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DARK MAGNETISM
Hunting the primordial fields
that shaped the universe
ORIGINS OF TB
Surprising true story of
our deadliest disease
RED DWARF
Mystery of the colored
plains of Pluto
WEEKLY
June 26 – July 2, 2021
SPECIAL REPORT
LONG COVID
Everything we know so far about a new and complex disease
DO YOU HAVE IT?
Diagnosing damage
from SARS-CoV-2
HOW LONG WILL IT LAST?
Clues from the
emerging evidence
CAN WE TREAT IT?
Inside the UK’s
first clinic
NUDGING ANIMALS
Can wild creatures be trained to save themselves?
No3340 US$6.99 CAN$9.99
PLUS
THE GENDER PAIN GAP
/
EARLY AIR CONDITIONING
/
SPEAKING WITH WHALES
/
WHY IS A CUP OF TEA SO SATISFYING?
Science and technology news
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EN
TR
SE
LO
C
S Y
IE JUL
WE’RE LOOKING FOR THE
best ideas in the w rld
The Ryman Prize is an international
award aimed at encouraging the best
and brightest thinkers in the world
to focus on ways to improve
the health of older people.
The world’s ageing population
means that in some parts of the
globe – including much of the Western
world – the population aged 75+ is set
to almost triple in the next 30 years.
Older people face not only the acute threat
of COVID-19, but also the burden of chronic
diseases including Alzheimers and diabetes.
At the same time the health of older
people is one of the most underfunded
and poorly resourced areas of research.
So, to stimulate fresh efforts to tackle
the problems of old age, we’re offering a
NZ$250,000 (£130,000) annual prize for
the world’s best discovery, development,
advance or achievement that enhances
quality of life for older people.
ON BEHALF OF OLDER PEOPLE
The Ryman Prize is awarded each year by
the Prime Minister of New Zealand. It was
first awarded in 2015 to Gabi Hollows,
co-founder of the Hollows Foundation, for
her tireless work to restore sight for millions
of older people in the developing world.
Since then world-leading researchers
Professor Henry Brodaty, Professor Peter
St George-Hyslop, Professor Takanori
Shibata and Dr Michael Fehlings have all
won the prize for their outstanding work.
In 2020 Professor Miia Kivipelto, a Finnish
researcher whose research
into the causes of
Alzheimers and
dementia has had a
worldwide impact,
was awarded the
prize by the Right
Honourable,
Jacinda Ardern,
Prime Minister
of New Zealand.
If you have a great idea or have achieved something
remarkable like Miia and our five other prize
winners, we would love to hear from you.
Entries for the 2021 Ryman Prize close at 5pm
on Friday, July 16, 2021 (New Zealand time).
Go to
rymanprize.com
for more information.
This week’s issue
On the
cover
10
Long covid
Everything we know so
far about a new and
complex disease
42
Nudging animals
Can wild creatures be trained
to save themselves?
36
Dark magnetism
Hunting the primordial fields
that shaped the universe
46
Origins of TB
Surprising true story of
our deadliest disease
18
Red dwarf
Mystery of the coloured
plains of Pluto
36
Features
“Cosmology
as we know
it doesn’t
account
for ancient
magnetism”
Vol 250 No 3340
Cover image: Ana Yael/Studio PI
25
The gender pain gap
18
Early air conditioning
33
Speaking with whales
54
Why is a cup of tea so satisfying?
News
16
Alcohol treatment
Psoriasis drug could help
with alcohol use disorders
17
Phone secrets
Old mobile data codes may
have been backdoored
20
When the chips are down
Facebook and Google
encounter silent processor
failures that can corrupt data
Features
News
36
Primordial magnetism
We may be on the cusp of
discovering magnetic fields
from the dawn of time
42
Nudging nature
Can we persuade animals to
help their own conservation?
46
Origin of a killer
Finding out where tuberculosis
came from is crucial to finally
beating this lethal disease
NASA/JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY APPLIED PHYSICS LABORATORY/SOUTHWEST RESEARCH INSTITUTE
Views
25
Comment
We must deal with the gender
pain gap, says Elinor Cleghorn
26
The columnist
Chanda Prescod-Weinstein
on the universe’s origins
28
Letters
The difficulties with
mindfulness research
30
Aperture
Stirring images from the Earth
Photo 2021 competition
32
Culture
NASA mathematician Katherine
Johnson’s amazing journey
The back pages
51
Citizen science
Uncover seaweed’s secrets
52
Puzzles
Try our crossword, quick quiz
and logic puzzle
54
Almost
the last word
Why is tea often offered to
someone who is upset?
55
Tom Gauld for 
New Scientist
A cartoonist’s take on the world
56
Feedback
Quantum parcels and Twitter
time travel: the week in weird
18
Mysterious Pluto
What is the red stuff on the dwarf planet’s surface?
26 June 2021 | New Scientist |
3

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