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NEW SERIES OUR ARCHIVE NEWS FROM 1940
January 2020
Issue No 561,
Vol 48,
No 1
HISTORY IN THE AIR SINCE 1911
CAMEL
PILOT
BOOK
WIN!
REVEALED:
IRANIAN
SABRE OPS
Keeping
the peace
in Congo
Closing date: 14 February 2020
EAGLE DAY
Unique fighter formation over Germany
FW 190
nd
two
!
a
s
Bf 109
SIX
APPEAL
Air
Atlantique’s
DC-6 days
JANUARY 2020
£4.99
PLUS…
Christmas delivery by C-47 • Kawanishi N1K in detail
Contents
January 2020
See pages
14-15
for a gre
at
subscription
o er
64
28
76
36
NEWS AND
COMMENT
4
6
FROM THE EDITOR
NEWS
• Argentinian Magister back in Europe
• Tri-State FW 190 flies
• Duxford CASA prepared to move
…and the month’s other top aircraft
preservation news
16
WORKSHOP
The Newark Air Museum’s General
Aircraft Monospar restoration enters its
final stages
25
HANGAR TALK
Steve Slater’s comment on the historic
aircraft world
26
FLIGHT LINE
Reflections on aviation history with
Denis J. Calvert
58
FEATURES
28
AIR ATLANTIQUE DC-6s
Unforgettable memories of operating
the mighty Douglas transport
36
IRANIAN SABRES IN THE CONGO
Iran’s involvement with the
international community was very
di erent in 1963, when it deployed a
quartet of F-86Fs to join a UN mission
47
HANGAR 10 FW 190
First air-to-airs of the latest Luftwa e
warbird in German skies
58
FLEET REQUIREMENTS UNIT
The late John Horne recalls his wartime
years with Fleet Air Arm unit 771 Squadron
64
D. V. ARMSTRONG
The First World War aviator who truly
mastered the tricky Sopwith Camel,
and became his era’s most celebrated
aerobatic pilot
70
BASTOGNE RESUPPLY
A Christmas delivery by C-47 and CG-4
glider to the front line
76
AEROPLANE
MEETS…
MIKAEL CARLSON
We sit down with Sweden’s legendary
builder, restorer and pilot of early
aeroplanes
See
page 105
for full
details
TECHNI
CA
DETAILS
L
DATABASE
DATABASE
KAWANISHI
N1K1 SHIDEN
N1K2-Ja Shiden-Kai
‘343-A-11’ of CPO Shoichi Model 21a
Sugita from
the Sento Hikotai, 301st/343rd
Kokutai,
at Matsuyama in March
1945.
JIM LAURIER
An Americ
an technica
l assessmen
t of the Jap
anese fighte
r
Developmen
t
AND N1K2
Development
Development
Technica
Technica
l Details
Technical Details
Technical
Details
IN DEPTH
PAGES
15
In Service
KAWANISHI
N1K1 SHIDEN
AND
N1K2
T
SHIDEN KAI
WORDS:
TONY HOLMES
AEROPLANE
JANUARY
Of the handful of N1K1-Js
from the 341st
M_Data
85-99_A
Kokutai
found
January-February 1945,
base_Jan2020
Marcott in
this aircraft, coded 341-S23, at
_cc
intact. Although none
C.indd
was the most
89
of the
old, some, like this example,Shidens were more than a few months
had su ered heavy weathering
tropical conditions.
NATIONAL
in the
2020
ARCHIVES AND RECORDS
ADMINISTRATION
An autom
igence Cente
and an outer with the fusela
Summary
atic mane
r
ge, instal
No 33,
from
uver ap
to the cente panel is attach
ed
led in
contained
was
July
fulcrum chang
an explanatio
1945,
which funct the original mode
constructio r section. Two-spar
N1K1/2’s
l
e, but kept
n of the
increased
struc
and in addit ions at low speed
the
span, while
n, with one spar full
rudder and
how the fusela
ture.
It outlined
,
with aps
elevator
fulcrum armion changed the
ge was of
only to the
the other extends
down. Opera
monocoqu
semi-
on ailero
outer
pane
the aps
e
and eleva
is complicate tion of
l.
“Flaps are
its skin mate construction, and
tors so as ns, rudder
the ap hand
d in
to get more
rial was alum
control at
hydraulical Fowler type,
le must be that
e cockpit
low
ly
to neutral
canopy was
inium.
maintainin speeds, while still
returned
angular travel actuated, with an
in order to
and narro
g
“high
pressure,
w,
of 30°.
at high speedlight control forces
two hydra
and also have brake
vision. Cock with good all-round
s. Production
ulic cylind ere are
two
are requi
airplanes
ers per ap.
red to retrac handles
generally pit layout is
eliminated
Flap hand
good. Instru
t aps.
automatic
the
le
well group
ments are
ap and the
SPECIFICA
position and must be in the up
ed
aileron
handles are and all cranks and
TIONS: N1K2
dump valve an additional ap
readily
availa
POWERPL
-J SHIDEN-K
easy to opera
must be pulle
ANT
order to retrac
te, with the
ble and
AI
d in
One Nakaj
exception
DIMENSIO
t aps…
ima NK9H
brakes of
of the landi
NS
Homare
panel desig Dive
and wing
ng gear
Length:
21, 1,990h
found but
n were
ap
p
were
“quite deep” controls” e
Wingspan:
.
30ft 8in (9.35m
“ e n and bolted closed.
aft portio
)
Height:
fuselage
n of the
39ft 4.5in
rudder have
WEIGHTS
gave the
equal taper
(12.00m)
an
‘George’
N1K1/2’s
fore and aft
13ft 0in (3.96m
Empty:
, the
with a round
Allied repor
and
)
“an unusu
ting name
ed tip.
Maximum
5,858lb (2,657
stabilizer
PERFORM
al
e
,
take-o :
is of […] alum vertical
appearance and distinctive
ANCE
kg)
10,714lb (4860
all-metal
Maximum
in side aspec
and ush-r inum,
kg)
speed:
e wing
t.”
Range:
rudder is
iveted.
369mph
of fabric and
e
(594km/h)
and trailin had “tapered leadin
a cockpit-con
g edges termi
1,488 miles
metal
g
ARMAMENT
(2,395km)
trollable trim , with
nating in
with extern
“ e horiz
Four 20mm
al tanks
ontal stabil tab.
cannon in
elevators
(250kg) bomb
izer and
wings; four
present an
551lb
s on under
of greater
appearance
wing Type
AEROPLAN
taper on
97 Ko racks
the leadin
E
JANUARY
edge, lesser
g
2020
and round trailing edge taper
,
ed tips.”
Following
SSgt R. B. a thorough exam
Aldrich create ination of
d this cutaw photographs
taken
ay drawi
ng of the of N1K1-Js found
‘George
11’ in Marchat Marcott in early
he US Navy
1945, Techn
1945.
NATIONA
ical Air Intelli
L ARCHIVE
Naval Intell Division of
S AND RECORD
rounded
gence Comm
S ADMINIS
tips.
Technical
igence’s
TRATION
and (TAIC
wing is integ Center portion
Air
) artist
of
Intell
ral
In Service
In Service
Insights
Insights
Insights
www.aerop
www.aeroplanemonthly.com
85-99_AM_Database_Jan2020_cc
C.indd 85
85
IN DEPTH
PAGES
lanemonthly
.com
89
02/12/2019
09:34
15
02/12/2019 09:33
85
DATABASE:
KAWANISHI N1K1 AND N1K2
They were potent fighters, the Shiden
and the Shiden-kai — but, as Tony
Holmes describes, too little, too late to
change Japan’s wartime fortunes
REGULARS
21
22
SKYWRITERS
Q&A
Your questions asked and answered
74
BRIEFING FILE
Under the skin of aviation technology
and tactics — this month, how did
geodetic construction work?
100
REVIEWS
The latest aviation books and products
in the spotlight
106
NEXT MONTH
103
AEROPLANE
ARCHIVE:
NEWS FROM 1940
A new series, looking back at how
The
Aeroplane
covered a momentous year
COVER IMAGE:
The Hangar 10 collection’s Flug
Werk FW 190A-8, Messerschmitt Bf 109G-14 and
Bf 109G-6.
RICHARD PAVER
Your Aviation Destination
SUBSCRIBER EXCLUSIVE
AEROPLANE
JANUARY 2020
www.aeroplanemonthly.com
3
hey were great days, when Air
Atlantique was the UK’s last
bastion of big, heavy, working
propliners earning their keep
and, at the same time, keeping memories
of a bygone age of air transport alive.
More importantly than that, it was a
highly professional operation whose
in uence remains strong today in terms
of the expertise it passed on. at came
across when talking to people for our
DC-6 retrospective this month. Take this
comment from pilot Julian Firth, who
still ies the ‘Six’ for the Flying Bulls: “
…
although they were
patently obsolete
in modern terms
they were absolutely
operated like the
serious, 50-tonne,
four-engined trans-Atlantic airliners that
they were. Mechanically, they were among
the best aircraft I’ve ever own, and that’s
still the case.”
Yes, Air Atlantique was about much
more than air displays and pleasure
ights, even though both were important,
and enjoyable. Its own events at Coventry
in 1999, 2000 and 2003 now seem
redolent of a time long ago — shows
featuring, to name but a few, Electras, a
DC-2, Convair 440, Twin Pioneer, Howard
500, Venom and HS748, all now grounded
or gone. e common thread linking
them: they’re types unlikely, with the best
will in the world, ever to be seen in British
skies again. en there’s the Meteor, no
longer available for UK ying displays,
even if Martin-Baker’s aircraft make
static appearances; the Hunter, not seen
displaying here since 2015, even though
examples from overseas are available;
and the Sea Vixen, ground-bound since
its 2017 mishap. Yes, there have been
signi cant gains in other areas, but we’ve
de nitely lost a lot in terms of post-war
aeroplanes. e reasons are obvious, and
largely concerned with simple operating
economics. at can’t be helped. It just
T
Editor
makes the memories which linger that bit
more precious.
is month sees the start of a new series
for 2020, looking back to a momentous
period. As we prepare to mark the 80th
anniversary of the Battle of Britain, our
‘Aeroplane Archive’ feature will be given
over this year to the aviation news of 1940,
as reported by our ancestor
e Aeroplane.
We’re deeply proud of the fact that there’s
no other historic aviation magazine with
such a rich heritage as our own, and the
coverage from 80 years ago provides some
unique — sometimes,
very opinionated —
viewpoints.
It’s just one of our
exciting plans for
the year ahead. We’ll
be commemorating the Battle of Britain
with our biggest ever issue, and some
unusual, never-before seen perspectives.
e de Havilland centenary is in our
sights too, and we’re going to bring you
other new themed issues. Always, we’re
striving to o er compelling coverage of
lesser-known subjects — if you’ve any
suggestions, do get in touch. We’re always
hugely grateful for your feedback, and
your support for
Aeroplane.
From all the magazine’s team, have a
very happy Christmas, and best wishes for
the new year.
From the
CONNECT WITH
AEROPLANE…
www.facebook.com/AeroplaneMonthly
@HistoryInTheAir
CONTRIBUTORS THIS MONTH
ANNETTE CARSON
Annette writes on a variety
of non-fiction topics with a
preference for history and
biography. She was a
member of the team of
historians who found the
grave of Richard III in 2012.
Her involvement in
aerobatics dates from the
1970s, and she has served
as British team manager, delegate to the FAI
Aerobatics Commission, and international jury
member. In 1986 she published
Flight Fantastic:
The Illustrated History of Aerobatics,
earning the
FAI’s Tissandier Diploma, and has contributed to
Encyclopædia Britannica
on the subjects of stunt
flying and aerobatics.
We have definitely
lost a lot in terms of post-
war aeroplanes
TONY HOLMES
“I have only relatively
recently come to appreciate
just how advanced and
potentially e ective late-war
Japanese aircraft types
were”, says Tony, “having
always believed that they
were little more than
cannon fodder for American
fighters. Almost certainly
the pick of the bunch was the N1K1/2 Shiden/
Shiden-Kai, which gave as good as it got following
the fighter’s operational debut over the Philippines
in October 1944. Indeed, pilots flying the Kawanishi
fighter were credited with more than 250 victories
by war’s end, despite the N1K1/2 only being fielded
in small numbers.”
JOHN E. M. HORNE
New next month…
From the February issue, we’re
introducing exclusive subscribers’
covers on
Aeroplane
— special
collectors’ editions with a single, bold
image. It’s another excellent reason
to subscribe, quite apart from the
guaranteed delivery of your favourite
magazine and the o ers that go with
it. You’ll nd details on pages 14-15.
Ben Dunnell
Born on the Scottish island
of Islay, the late John Edgar
McKechnie Horne spent
most of his early years in
Edinburgh, leaving the city’s
university part-way through
a forestry course to join the
Fleet Air Arm in 1942. He
learned to fly in the USA
and Canada before joining
771 Squadron in Orkney early in 1944, serving on
this Fleet Requirements Unit until after the end of
the war. Horne passed away in 2015.
JOOP WENSTEDT
ESTABLISHED 1911
Aeroplane
traces its lineage back to the weekly The Aeroplane,
founded by C. G. Grey in 1911 and published until 1968. It was
relaunched as a monthly in 1973 by Richard T. Riding, editor for 25
years until 1998.
Since his youth, Joop — a
trained engineer — has
been interested in aviation
history and worked in his
spare time as a science and
technology reporter. He has
also been a glider pilot for
40 years, mostly of historic
gliders, which he restores.
This explains his interest in
the Waco CG-4A missions that resupplied Allied
troops during the Bastogne campaign, the subject
of his piece this month. Today Joop is busy flying
electric-powered, long-endurance remotely piloted
aircraft systems, mostly for governments.
4
www.aeroplanemonthly.com
AEROPLANE
JANUARY 2020
RAAF MUSEUM
Point Cook I Victoria 3027 I Australia
Located at historic RAAF Base
Point Cook, the birthplace
of the Royal Australian Air
Force, the RAAF Museum is
home to an amazing range of
beautifully preserved historic
military aircraft.
Here you will find a treasure
trove of priceless artefacts
and fascinating stories of
past deeds, giving visitors an
understanding of the rich history
and traditions of this arm of the
Australian Defence Force.
Our Heritage Gallery incorporates multimedia technology
and hands-on experiential activities to take the visitors
through time from the Australian Flying Corps operating
during World War I through to the RAAF’s peacekeeping
and civil aid missions to the present day.
The displays are augmented by thirty historic aircraft
from the entire 98 year history of the RAAF, some of
which are maintained in flying condition for displays at
1:00pm every Tuesday, Thursday and Sunday (weather
permitting). Additionally, visitors are also treated to an
opportunity to see the Museum’s Restoration Hangar,
where staff and volunteers are currently rebuilding a
World War II Mosquito reconnaissance aircraft and a
DH60 Gypsy Moth training aircraft.
Models, books, patches, clothing and mementos can be
purchased at the Museum shop.
OPEN:
Tuesday to Friday - 10am to 3pm
Weekends & Public Holidays - 10am to 5pm
CLOSED:
Mondays, Christmas Day & Good Friday
Call us on:
Or Email us:
Main Website:
Shop Website:
See Facebook:
+613 8348 6040
RAAF.MuseumInfo@defence.gov.au
www.airforce.gov.au/raafmuseum
www.shopraafmuseum.org.au
www.facebook.com/RAAF.Museum

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